Oral cancer can affect the lips, gums, cheeks, palate, and tongue, and early diagnosis is essential for the success of treatment.
The main risk factors are tobacco use, alcohol consumption, excessive sun exposure, and HPV infection | Photo: Sesa
The National Oral Cancer Prevention Week, which takes place from November 1 to 7, aims to raise awareness about the importance of prevention and early diagnosis of this disease, which affects thousands of people in Brazil annually. According to the National Cancer Institute (INCA), oral cancer is the fifth most common among men and the seventh among women in the country, with about 15,000 new cases diagnosed each year.
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Fernando Avellar, a dentist, emphasizes that oral cancer, although often silent, can be largely prevented through lifestyle changes. “Prevention is closely linked to adopting healthy habits, such as not smoking and avoiding alcohol consumption, which are the main risk factors. Maintaining good oral hygiene and having regular check-ups with the dentist are essential actions for early diagnosis,” explains Avellar.
Main risk factors and prevention
The main risk factors for oral cancer include tobacco use, alcohol consumption, excessive sun exposure, and HPV infection. “These factors significantly increase the chances of developing malignant lesions in the mouth. It is vital for the population to be aware that daily habits have a direct impact on oral health,” emphasizes Fernando Avellar.
Prevention begins with avoiding cigarettes and alcohol, using sun protection, and adopting a healthy diet rich in proteins, fruits, and vegetables, which helps strengthen the body. Avellar stresses the importance of regular dental check-ups: “Periodic exams allow for the early identification of abnormalities, preventing lesions and greatly improving the chances of successful treatment.”
Attention to warning signs
Early identification of signs of oral cancer is crucial. “Lesions in the mouth that do not heal within 15 days, white or red spots, poor hygiene, chronic inflammation, ill-fitting dentures, sores, pain when chewing, and difficulty swallowing are indicators that require attention,” warns Fernando Avellar.
He also recommends performing self-exams, regularly checking the tongue, gums, lips, and roof of the mouth for changes. “Self-examination is a simple and effective measure that anyone can perform at home. If persistent changes are noticed, it is crucial to consult a dentist for evaluation,” he highlights.
Awareness as a prevention tool
The campaign aims to raise awareness about the need for preventive care and early diagnosis, key points in reducing the mortality rate of oral cancer, which remains high due to late diagnosis. “Awareness is essential to reduce these numbers. The earlier the disease is detected, the greater the chances of successful treatment,” concludes Avellar.
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